Addendum to Kevin Gordon's 'IMF continued' post... February 5, 2014

First, a relevant chemistry joke... I actually just typed in 'chemistry joke' (and got a lot of good stuff), and came across this, and felt really smart that I now understand it!



Additonally... Kevin Mentioned a 'cazy' idea he heard of: turning all the roads and pavement into solar cells! Mrs. Friedmann responded by talking about a crazy idea she heard of... giant aluminum tubes that fly in the sky, with two giant metal wings on the side shaped to create upward life when air passes over and under it, charging people to sit in seats and go across the country in like 5 hours... crazy, I know.

Anyway, the thing Kevin talked about (All the literature spoke of the organization 'Solar Roadways', but there may be other initiatives) can be looked at here:
http://www.solarroadways.com/intro.shtml very interesting

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The thing I mentioned from Policy debate last year (me and nimil ran across a team using this affirmative) was Piezoelectric highways, and I admit, I did scoff at the idea (and I also had to argue against it, being a debate and all): http://www.innowattech.co.il/technology.aspx Energy parasites, very intriguing

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And furthermore, the moment Mrs. Friedmann began her little spiel about never thumbing your nose at something deemed 'crazy,' I was reminded of this poem (That I very much like and commend) by Edgar Guest, [first stanza]:

Can;t is the worst word that is written or spoken;
Doing more harm than slander and lies;
On it is many a strong spirit broken,
And with it many a good purpose dies.
It springs from the lips of the thoughtless each morning
And robs us of courage we need through the day:
It rings in our ears like a timely sent warning
And laughs when we falter and fall by the way... [and it goes on for three more stanzas; read it here http://allpoetry.com/poem/8471321-Cant-by-Edgar-Albert-Guest]

International Monetary Fund... (just kidding!)... IMF Continued

Homework for tomorrow, Thursday, February 6th:
-2 Inter-molecular force worksheets
- One web assign due 11:59pm Wednesday night

REMINDER: Test Friday

All About Inter-Molecular Forces (IMF)
weakest     1)London Dispersion Forces (LDF) (aka Vanderwahl's force)
stronger     2) Dipole Dipole interaction
Strongest   3)Hydrogen bonding (n.b. misnomer - they are not officially bonds...)

1) LDF's---Between Non-polar molecules - weak and short lived
-Induced dipoles in a nonpolar molecule (temporary, billionths of a second)
    - Although electrons are shared equally, they move constantly
    - Electrons can flow more in one direction than another, creating a temporary dipole
    - The larger/longer the nonpolar molecule, the larger the effect of LDFs, ie more viscous
e.g. Hydrocarbons---lots of bonds to create dipoles





2)Dipole-Dipole interactions - Between Polar Molecules - Stronger than LDFs
- Intrinsic (not induced)    
-Permanent (not temporary)
- The attraction between positive (+) dipoles and negative (-) dipoles




3) Hydrogen bonding - DIPOLES ON STEROIDS - Really small and weak (and therefore negative) hydrogen bonded to either Fluorine, Oxygen, or Nitrogen

e.g. water (bent shape, polar) - Large, electronegative oxygen atom holds the electrons very close, thus forming a very negative dipole, while the  hydrogen thus form very positive dipoles, attracting all the other extremely negative and positive dipoles of all the water around each other to 'stick' to each other - this stickiness is why water has such a high boiling point - 212 degrees Farenheit!

Sidenote: Bonds are giving and sharing electrons (ionic and covalent), while hydrogen 'bonding' is the attraction between negative and positive dipoles, so it is not really a 'bond'





NEXT SCRIBE, (Drumroll please), is Juliette

Copper and Silver Nitrate lab Data

Dear Peter et alia:

Lab data

1.50 g silver nitrate

25 cm copper wire = .71g

final mass of copper wire= .66g

2nd beaker (100mL) = 50.98 g
2nd beaker (100mL) with rinsed silver = 51.18g

N.B. some of the silver crystals fell off before they were measured, so the 100mL beaker with silver crystals should have a larger mass



Next blogger = Elayna

Beverage Density Lab - explantion of its elements.

Post by: Kevin G
Wednesday, September 11, 2013

On Labs
- NEAT (for effective communication)
- CAN typed, written, or a combination.
- Post lab questions should be both concise and thorough.
  (1-2 thorough sentences is sufficient, but can be longer if it
   is necessary to fully answer question)
- Avoid long, rambling, repetitive answers
- For conclusion and post-lab questions, say 'Data shows...' or 'It appears that...'





Specifics of Beverage Density Lab

***N.B.    DO NOT DO POST LAB QUESTION #5***


 Regarding post lab Question #3

Apple Juice	Berry Juice	Cranberry Juice	Gatorade
28g sugar	28g sugar	32g sugar	21g sugar
240 mL drink	240 mL drink	240 mL drink	355 mL drink

 
% Sugar concentration  =  g sugar    X    100
                                           g drink     

Use dimensional analysis:

e.g.  49 g sugar        X      1 mL drink       =    .13g sugar   X  100  =  13% sugar
      355 mL drink              1.043g drink            1 g drink          

The 'mL drink' cancels out, leaving 'g sugar' on top, and 'g drink' on bottom
(which is the sugar  concentration)


Include in lab write up:

Title         -e.g. Beverage density lab

Purpose   -(can be word for word from lab directions)

Data        -Table format for hard data
                -Section to show calculation (i.e. for density of each solution)
                                                              (Label what calculation is finding)
 
Post-lab question   - #1-4 for Beverage Density Lab. Remain as concise as
                                 possible while still giving a complete answer.
                                (1-2 sentences or more if it is necessary to question)
                              - Reference the data, DO NOT re-write the data
                              - BUT if question directly asks for calculation,
                                the calculations may be done in the question

Conclusion      - Consists of three paragraphs focusing on the claim, evidence, and reasoning.

                                               Claim - answer the question of the lab (Purpose)
                                                          - For beverage density lab that means
                                    'What percent of sugar is in the two chosen beverages?'

                                           Evidence - Cite data and calculations you did to
                                                             decide on your claim.

                                         Reasoning - Validity of report
                                                           - What error happened,
                                                           - Why/how did the error happen
                                                           - How the errors effect the calculations
                                                              and validity of report



Graphing using Google Drive(Post lab Question #1)
1) Go to your Google 'Drive'
2) Click on 'Create' then click on 'spreadsheet'
3) Go down to spreadsheet and type something like this:
KEEP solution concentration on right (will be x axis) and density on left (y axis)
     
 N.B. Do not include the unit, as shown in 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th rows

solution concentration %	calculated density g/mL
0	.123
5	.234
10	.456
15	.567
20	1.234

4) Highlight the 12 boxes (all the boxes you typed) and, while highlighted, click on 'insert' tab
       a) scroll down to 'chart'
       b)in the 'chart editor' move to 'chart' tab
       c) choose 'scatter chart'   
       d) of the two charts, choose the first scatter chart with small bubbles
       e) click the blue 'insert' at bottom of the box and the chart will appear


Chart Modification
The chart can be modified several ways. General way is

1) click on downward arrow in top right corner of the chart
2) go to 'advanced edit' to change content and look of the chart

or specifically...

Modifying the number on axis
Click on the numbers on the axis and you can change the minimum and maximum, to make the numbers more compact so it is easier to see where your data is on the graph. (e.g. min/max of 0 to 100000 would be hard to see where your data lies, but min/max of .93 to 1.15 will make it a lot easier to see where your numbers lie)


Modifying the axis names
1) right click on the whole image
2) scroll down to axis
3) click on 'horizontal axis title' or  left vertical axis title' to change the names of the x and y axis respectively

Moving Graph to MICROSOFT WORD DOCUMENT
There may be other ways, but what I did was
1)  hit 'print screen'
2) paste in word doc
3) 'crop' to size
(The resolution is very clear)

now, how its moved to the google drive doc, I haven't the faintest idea



and the next scribe is....
drumroll please.....
Kevin Mihelic

Beverage Density Lab

Post by: Kevin G

Tuesday, September 10, 2013

Homework review
First we went over the homework worksheets we received monday. The empty worksheets and the answer keys can be found in the 'handouts' and 'keys' folder, under '9.9 density practice ws' and '9.10 HW' respectively.

Answers and explanations of the Web Assign bonus problem, and the gold leaf problem in the homework are also in the 'keys' folder.
 'Beverage Density Lab.'
The instructions(1), and the empty data tables(2), (they are two separate documents) can be found in the 'lab' folder on Moodle.

Notes about cleaning up
-Clean, rinse, and dry the equipment and work station
-Line up everything neatly
-Throw away used paper towels in main, large, garbage can                        
*** Do not forget to clean and organize the table with the class lab materials on it! ***

Data from the lab

Data Table A : Density of Reference Solutions

Solution	Mass (g)	Sample volume (mL)	Density (g/mL)
0% sugar	9.60 g	10.00 mL	.960g/mL
5% sugar	9.74 g	10.00 mL	.974g/mL
10% sugar	9.95 g	10.00 mL	.995g/mL
15% sugar	10.07 g	10.00 mL	1.007g/mL
20% sugar	10.23 g	10.00 mL	1.023g/mL

Data Table B : Beverage Densities

Beverage	Mass (g)	Sample Volume (mL)	Density (g/mL)
Gatorade	9.85 g	10.00 mL	.985g/mL
Apple Juice	10.06 g	10.00 mL	1.006g/mL

Some of the options we could have had for the Beverage Samples... which one has the highest density of sugar?

 Next scribe: me!